Oke ojiji na ojiji nke sodium hydroxide

Oke ojiji na ojiji nke sodium hydroxide

YANGZHOU EVERBRIGHT CHEMICAL CO.LTD.

Mbadamba soda Caustic bụ ụdị soda caustic, aha kemịkalụ bụ sodium hydroxide, ọ bụ alkali na-agbaze agbaze nke ukwuu, nke na-emebi emebi nke ukwuu, enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe na-eme ka acid ghara ịdị irè, yana ihe na-ekpuchi ihe, ihe na-eme ka mmiri zoo, ihe na-ekpuchi mmiri ozuzo, ihe na-eme ka agba dị iche iche, ihe na-eme ka saponification dị, ihe na-eme ka mmiri zoo, ihe na-asa ahụ na ihe ndị ọzọ.

Ọ dị ọtụtụ ihe dị iche iche. A chịkọtara ojiji a na-ejikarị mbadamba soda caustic eme ihe dị ka ndị a:

1, ime akwụkwọ:

Ihe ndị e ji eme akwụkwọ bụ osisi ma ọ bụ ahịhịa, osisi ndị a na mgbakwunye na cellulose, mana ha nwekwara nnukwu ọnụọgụ nke na-abụghị cellulose (lignin, chịngọm, wdg). A na-eji flake alkali eme ihe maka iwepụ ihe ndị na-adịghị mma, a pụkwara inweta eriri ahụ naanị site na iwepụ lignin n'osisi ahụ. Enwere ike ịgbaze ihe na-abụghị cellulose site na itinye mmiri soda caustic dị nro, ka e wee nwee ike ịkwadebe cellulose dị ka ihe bụ isi nke pulp.

2, mmanụ ala a nụchara anụcha:

Mgbe e jiri sọlfọlik acid sachaa ngwaahịa mmanụ ala ahụ, a ga-eji ọgwụ alkali mbadamba sachaa ụfọdụ ihe acidic, wee saa ha iji nweta ngwaahịa ndị a nụchara anụcha.

3. Ákwà:

A na-eji mmiri sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) nke e ji owu na ákwà linin mee ihe iji melite àgwà eriri. Eriri ndị e ji owu mee, ajị anụ e ji aka rụọ, rayon, wdg, bụkarị eriri viscose, e ji cellulose (dịka pulp), soda caustic, carbon disulfide (CS2) mee ha dị ka ihe e ji aka rụọ, nke e ji viscose mee, site n'ịtụgharị, na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị ọcha.

4, ibipụta na ịcha agba:

ákwà owu nwere ngwọta alkaline, nwere ike iwepụ ihe mkpuchi ákwà owu, mmanụ, starch na ihe ndị ọzọ, ebe ọ na-eme ka agba mercerization nke ákwà ahụ dịkwuo mma, ka agba ahụ wee bụrụ otu.

5, ime ncha:

Isi ihe dị na ncha bụ nnu sodium nke abụba dị elu, nke a na-ejikarị mmanụ na mbadamba alkali eme dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe site na mmeghachi omume saponification. Na mgbakwunye na nnu abụba dị elu, ncha nwekwara rosin, iko mmiri, ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ, agba na ihe ndị ọzọ e ji eme ihe. N'usoro, sodium abụba dị elu nwere akụkụ hydrophobic na-abụghị polar (otu hydrocarbon) na akụkụ hydrophilic polar (otu carboxyl). Otu hydrophobic nwere ihe ndị dị na oleophilic. N'oge ịsa ahụ, a na-akpali mmanụ dị n'ime unyi ma gbasaa ya n'ime obere ntapụ mmanụ, mgbe ọ merụsịrị ncha ahụ, a na-etinye otu hydrophobic (otu hydrocarbon) nke molekul sodium abụba dị elu n'ime ntapụ mmanụ, a na-ejikọkwa molekul mmanụ site na ike van der Waals. Otu hydrophilic (otu carboxyl), nke a na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri, na-agbatị n'èzí ntapụ mmanụ ma tinye ya n'ime mmiri. Isi ihe dị na ncha bụ NaOH, mana NaOH abụghị ncha. Mmiri mmiri ya dị mma ma enwere ike iji ya dị ka ncha. Ncha bụ emulsifier. Ụkpụrụ bụ mmeghachi omume saponification CH3CO0CH2CH3+NaOH=CH3COONa+CH3CH2OH, CH3COONa bụkwa ihe na-arụ ọrụ na ncha.

6, ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ:

A na-eji mbadamba alkali emepụta ọtụtụ nnu na-adịghị n'ime ahụ, ọkachasị nkwadebe nke ụfọdụ nnu sodium (dịka borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, wdg) na mbadamba alkali. A na-ejikwa ya na njikọta nke agba, ọgwụ na ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ahụ dị n'ime ahụ.

7, ụlọ ọrụ igwe:

ọtụtụ mgbe iji gbanwee ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọla ahụ ka ọ bụrụ nnu sodium a na-agbaze agbaze, iji wepụ ihe ndị na-adịghị agbaze agbaze, ya mere, ọ dị mkpa itinye mbadamba alkali. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'usoro ịgbaze aluminom, a na-eji nkwadebe nke cryolite na ọgwụgwọ nke bauxite eme ihe.

8, ojiji lime iji mee ka ala ka mma:

n'ime ala, n'ihi na ihe ndị dị ndụ n'ime usoro ire ere ga-emepụta asịd organic, mgbanwe nke mineral nwekwara ike imepụta ihe acidic. Na mgbakwunye, iji fatịlaịza inorganic dị ka ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, wdg, ga-emekwa ka ala ahụ bụrụ acidic. Itinye oke lime kwesịrị ekwesị nwere ike ime ka asịd dị n'ime ala ghara ịdị mma, mee ka ala dị mma maka uto ihe ubi, ma kwalite mgbasa nke nje bacteria. Mgbe mmụba nke Ca2+ gasịrị n'ime ala, ọ nwere ike ịkwalite njikọ nke colloid ala, nke na-eme ka e nwee mkpokọta ihe, ma n'otu oge ahụ, ọ nwere ike inye calcin dị mkpa maka uto ihe ọkụkụ.

9. Mmepụta alumina:

A na-ekpo ọkụ mmiri NaOH iji gbazee alumina na bauxite wee nweta sodium aluminomihe ngwọta ate. Mgbe e kewapụrụ ihe ngwọta ahụ na ihe fọdụrụ (apịtị uhie), a na-ebelata okpomọkụ ahụ, a na-agbakwunye aluminum hydroxide dị ka mkpụrụ kristal, mgbe ogologo oge nke ịgwakọta ya gasịrị, a na-agbaze sodium aluminate ka ọ bụrụ aluminum hydroxide, saa ya, ma kpoo ya na 950 ~ 1200℃, a na-enweta aluminum oxide emechara. A na-akpọ ihe ngwọta ahụ mgbe mmiri zoo nke aluminum hydroxide, nke a na-ekupụ ma tinye ya n'ime ihe ma na-emegharị ya. N'ihi ụdị kristal dị iche iche nke diaspore, diaspore na diaspore, ike ha na-agbaze na caustic soda soda dị nnọọ iche, yabụ ọ dị mkpa inye ọnọdụ mgbaze dị iche iche, ọkachasị okpomọkụ mgbaze dị iche iche. Enwere ike ịgbaze ụdị diaspore bauxite na 125 ~ 140C, enwere ike ịgbaze ụdị diaspore bauxite na 240 ~ 260℃ na mgbakwunye nke lime (3 ~ 7%).

10, seramiiki:

Soda caustic n'ọrụ mmepụta seramiiki nwere isi ihe abụọ: nke mbụ, n'usoro ịgba ọkụ nke seramiiki, soda caustic dị ka ihe na-agbaze ihe. Nke abụọ, elu seramiiki a na-agba ọkụ ga-adị nkọ ma ọ bụ sie ike nke ukwuu, mgbe ejiri mmiri soda caustic sachaa ya, elu seramiiki ahụ ga-adị nro.

11, ọgwụ nje:

A na-ejikarị ihe ndị a ehicha ma na-egbu nje ahụ n'ụlọ ọrụ mmanya.

12, na mgbakwunye na mmiri mkpofu:

ike sodium oxide iji gbanwee uru ph, ọgwụgwọ nsị mmiri, ka ihe onwunwe wee megharịa ihe.

13, nkwadebe kemịkalụ, ihe mgbakwunye ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe:

A na-ejikarị alkali mbadamba eme ihe n'ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ iji gbanwee ngwọta ma ọ bụ gbanwee uru pH nke ngwọta ọgwụ.

14, electroplating, tungsten refining.

Mbadamba Alkali dị na mpempe ígwè dị ka ihe ngwọta electroplating, kpọọ ọrụ onye nduzi!

15, rụpụta silk, rụpụta owu rayon.

16. Ụlọ ọrụ akpụkpọ anụ (Okwu mmalite nke ojiji abụọ nke mbadamba alkali):

(1) Maka usoro imegharị ihe nke mmiri ntụ mkpofu akpụkpọ anụ, mikpuo ma tinye mmiri sodium sulfide na usoro mgbasawanye dị ugbu a

N'etiti usoro abụọ nke ọgwụgwọ ntụ ntụ lime, a na-amụba ojiji nke 30% sodium hydroxide solution nwere oke arọ 0.3-0.5% iji mee ka eriri akpụkpọ ahụ gbasaa nke ọma iji mezuo ihe achọrọ na usoro ahụ ma melite mma nke ngwaahịa ndị emechara ọkara.
(2) Dịka ihe na-eme ka alkaline dị n'ime na ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị ọcha, tinye mmiri ahụ n'ime ihe na-eme ka ọ dị ọkụ ruo 90 Celsius site na uzuoku, gwakọta ya ka ị na-etinye polyvinyl alcohol, wee jụọ oyi ruo 80 Celsius C mgbe alcohol polyvinyl gbazere kpamkpam. Mgbe ị gwakọtara ya, tinye hydrochloric acid n'ime obere mmiri, gaa n'ihu na-akpali ya ruo nkeji 20 ruo 30, ma tinye mmiri formaldehyde. Debe ya ọkụ na 78 ~ 80℃, hapụ ya ka ọ meghachi omume maka nkeji 40 ~ 50, tinye mmiri sodium hydroxide 10% ahaziri maka neutralization, jụọ ya oyi ruo 60 ~ 70℃, wee tinye usoro urea maka ọgwụgwọ amino, ma sachaa mmiri gluu site na ụgbụ yarn maka ojiji nchekwa.

17, ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ polyester:

eji eme ihe maka imepụta formic acid, oxalic acid, borax, phenol, sodium cyanide na ncha, abụba sịntetik, ihe ncha sịntetik, wdg.

18, ụlọ ọrụ ibipụta ákwà na agba ákwà:

eji ya dị ka ihe na-eme ka owu dị ọcha, ihe na-esi esi mmiri, ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị nro na ihe na-ebelata agba, ihe na-agbaze agba anụnụ anụnụ nke Haichang.

19, ụlọ ọrụ ịgbaze ihe:

eji emepụta aluminom hydroxide, aluminom oxide na ihe eji agwọ ọrịa elu ígwè.

20, ụlọ ọrụ ngwa egwu,

eji ya dị ka ihe na-eme ka acid ghara ịdị ọcha, ihe na-eme ka agba ghara ịdị ọcha, ihe na-eme ka isi ghara ịdị ọcha.

21, ụlọ ọrụ na-arapara:

eji ya dị ka gelatinizer starch, neutralizer.

22, rụpụta phosphate, rụpụta manganet.

23. Mmegharị nke roba ochie.

24, enwere ike iji ya dị ka citrus, ihe na-eme ka peach peecha na ihe na-eme ka agba dị nro, deodorant.

25, a na-ejikwa alkali mbadamba eme ihe n'ịmepụta ọgwụ ahụhụ.