Calcium chloride bụ nnu nke ion chloride na ion calcium mere.Anhydrous calcium chloride nwere ike iru mmiri absorption, eji dị ka a desiccant maka dị iche iche bekee, na mgbakwunye na ụzọ uzuzu, ala mma, refrigerant, mmiri na-asachapụ ihe, mado gị n'ụlọnga.Ọ bụ reagent nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe, akụrụngwa ọgwụ, ihe mgbakwunye nri, ihe mgbakwunye nri na akụrụngwa maka imepụta calcium ọla.
Njirimara anụ ahụ nke calcium chloride
Calcium chloride bụ kristal cubic na-enweghị agba, ọcha ma ọ bụ na-acha ọcha, granular, ngọngọ mmanụ aṅụ, spheroid, granular na-adịghị mma, ntụ ntụ.Ebe mgbaze 782°C, njupụta 1.086 g/mL na 20 Celsius C, ebe esi esi 1600°C, mmiri solubility 740 g/L.Dị ntakịrị na-egbu egbu, enweghị isi, ụtọ dịtụ ilu.Nnukwu hygroscopic na-adị mfe na-eri nri mgbe ekpughere ya na ikuku.
Na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri, ebe ọ na-ahapụ nnukwu okpomọkụ (calcium chloride dissolution enthalpy of -176.2cal/g), mmiri mmiri ngwọta ya dị ntakịrị acidic.Soluble na mmanya, acetone, acetic acid.Na-emeghachi omume na amonia ma ọ bụ ethanol, CaCl2 · 8NH3 na CaCl2 · 4C2H5OH complexes e hiwere, n'otu n'otu.Na obere okpomọkụ, ngwọta kristal na precipitates dị ka hexahydrate, nke a na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ gbazere na mmiri crystalline nke ya mgbe ọ na-ekpo ọkụ ruo 30 Celsius C, ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-efunahụ mmiri mgbe ọ na-ekpo ọkụ na 200 Celsius C, wee ghọọ dihydrate mgbe ọ na-ekpo ọkụ na 260 ° C. , nke na-aghọ calcium chloride anhydrous porous na-acha ọcha.
Calcium chloride anhydrous
1, ihe anụ ahụ na kemịkalụ: kristal cubic na-enweghị agba, mgbochi na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụ na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụ granular siri ike.The ikwu njupụta bụ 2.15, na-agbaze ebe bụ 782 ℃, na esi isi bụ n'elu 1600 ℃, na hygrhygability bụ nnọọ ike, mfe delix, mfe igbari na mmiri, mgbe atọhapụ a otutu okpomọkụ, odorless, ubé ilu uto, mmiri mmiri ngwọta bụ ubé acidic, soluble na mmanya, acrylic mmanya, acetic acid.
2, iji ngwaahịa: Ọ bụ ihe na-akpali akpali maka mmepụta nke pigmenti ọdọ mmiri.Mmepụta nke nitrogen, acetylene gas, hydrogen chloride, oxygen na ndị ọzọ gas desiccant.A na-eji mmanya na-aba n'anya, ethers, esters na acrylic resins mee ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpochapụ mmiri, na ngwọta mmiri ha bụ ihe dị mkpa na friji maka friji na refrigeration.Ọ nwere ike mee ka ihe siri ike sie ike, mee ka ngwa ngwa simenti na-eguzogide oyi, ọ bụkwa ezigbo ihe mgbochi.Ejiri ya dị ka ihe nchebe maka aluminum magnesium metallurgy, onye na-anụcha ihe.
Kpochapụ calcium chloride
1, ihe anụ ahụ na kemịkal: kristal na-enweghị agba, ngwaahịa a na-acha ọcha, kristal na-acha ọcha.Ụtọ na-elu ilu, ike na-atọ ụtọ.
Ya ikwu njupụta bụ 0.835, mfe soluble na mmiri, ya aqueous ngwọta na-anọpụ iche ma ọ bụ ubé alkaline, corrosive, soluble na mmanya na insoluble na ether, na dehydrated n'ime anhydrous okwu mgbe kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ ruo 260 ℃.Njirimara kemịkalụ ndị ọzọ yiri calcium chloride anhydrous.
2, ọrụ na ojiji: flake calcium chloride eji dị ka refrigerant;Onye na-eme ihe mgbochi;ice ma ọ bụ snow gbazere;Ndị na-ere ọkụ maka imecha na imecha akwa owu;Ihe nchekwa osisi;mmepụta roba dị ka onye na-atụgharị ihe;A na-eji starch agwakọta dị ka ihe na-ejikọta ya.
Calcium chloride ngwọta mmiri
Calcium chloride ngwọta nwere njirimara nke conductivity, ala kefriza ebe karịa mmiri, okpomọkụ dissipation na kọntaktị na mmiri, na-enwe mma adsorption ọrụ, na ya ala kefriza ebe ike ga-eji na a dịgasị iche iche nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ebe ọha.
Ọrụ nke ngwọta calcium chloride:
1. Alkaline: Calcium ion hydrolysis bụ alkaline, na hydrogen chloride na-agbanwe agbanwe mgbe ion hydrolysis chloride gasịrị.
2, conduction: enwere ion na ngwọta nke nwere ike ịkwaga n'efu.
3, ebe oyi na-atụ: Calcium chloride solution frozing point dị ala karịa mmiri.
4, isi ihe na-esi esi: calcium chloride aqueous ngwọta esi ebe dị elu karịa mmiri.
5, evaporation crystallization: calcium chloride aqueous ngwọta evaporation crystallization ịdị na ikuku jupụtara hydrogen chloride.
Desiccant
Enwere ike iji Calcium chloride mee ihe dị ka ihe na-ekpochapụ ma ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ maka gas na mmiri mmiri.Otú ọ dị, a pụghị iji ya kpoo ethanol na amonia, n'ihi na ethanol na amonia na-emeghachi omume na calcium chloride iji mepụta mmanya mmanya CaCl2 · 4C2H5OH na amonia complex CaCl2 · 8NH3, n'otu n'otu.Enwere ike ịme calcium chloride anhydrous ka ọ bụrụ ngwaahịa ụlọ eji eme ihe dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ikuku ikuku, calcium chloride anhydrous dị ka onye na-anabata mmiri nke FDA kwadoro maka mgbakwasa enyemaka mbụ, ọrụ ya bụ iji hụ na nkụ nke ọnya ahụ.
Ebe ọ bụ na calcium chloride na-anọpụ iche, ọ nwere ike kpoo gas acidic ma ọ bụ alkaline gas na mmiri mmiri organic, kamakwa n'ime ụlọ nyocha iji mee obere gas dị ka nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, wdg. ., mgbe ị na-ehicha gas ndị a na-emepụta.A na-ejikarị granular anhydrous calcium chloride mee ihe dị ka onye na-eme nri iji mejupụta ọkpọkọ ihicha, na nnukwu algae (ma ọ bụ ash ahịhịa) nke a mịrị amị na calcium chloride nwere ike iji mee ihe maka mmepụta nke soda ash.Ụfọdụ ndị na-ekpochapụ ikuku na-eji calcium chloride na-amịkọrọ mmiri sitere na ikuku.
A na-agbasa calcium chloride anhydrous n'okporo ụzọ ájá ájá, a na-ejikwa ihe onwunwe hygroscopic nke calcium chloride anhydrous na-eme ka mmiri dị n'ikuku mgbe ikuku ikuku dị ala karịa ebe igirigi iji mee ka mmiri dị n'elu okporo ụzọ ahụ, iji chịkwaa. uzuzu n'okporo ụzọ.
Deicing ụlọ ọrụ na jụrụ bat
Calcium chloride nwere ike ibelata ebe mmiri na-akpụ akpụ, na ịgbasa ya n'okporo ụzọ nwere ike igbochi mmiri ozuzo na ịze snow, mana mmiri nnu na-agbaze snow na ice nwere ike imebi ala na ahịhịa ndụ n'akụkụ okporo ụzọ ma mebie kọmpụta pavement.A nwekwara ike ịgwakọta ihe ngwọta calcium chloride na ice kpọrọ nkụ iji dozie bath jụrụ oyi nke cryogenic.A na-agbakwunye ice akọrọ na ngwọta brine na batches ruo mgbe ice na-apụta na usoro.Enwere ike idowe okpomoku kwụsiri ike nke ebe ịsa ahụ jụrụ oyi site n'ụdị dị iche iche na njupụta nke ngwọta nnu.A na-ejikarị Calcium chloride mee ihe dị ka ihe nnu, a na-enwetakwa ọnọdụ okpomọkụ a chọrọ site n'ịgbanwe nhazi, ọ bụghị nanị n'ihi na calcium chloride dị ọnụ ala ma dị mfe ịnweta, kamakwa n'ihi na eutectic okpomọkụ nke calcium chloride ngwọta (ya bụ, okpomọkụ mgbe ihe ngwọta na-niile condensed na-etolite granular ice salt particles) dị nnọọ ala, nke nwere ike iru -51.0 Celsius C, nke mere na mgbanwe okpomọkụ nso si 0 ° C ruo -51 ° C. Usoro a nwere ike ghọtara na Dewar. karama nwere mmetụta mkpuchi, a pụkwara iji ya mee ihe n'ozuzu plastik iji jide baths jụrụ oyi mgbe olu nke karama Dewar na-ejedebe na ihe ngwọta nnu dị mkpa ka a kwadebere, n'ọnọdụ ahụ okpomọkụ na-esikwa ike karị.
Dị ka isi iyi nke calcium ion
Ịgbakwunye calcium chloride na mmiri igwu mmiri nwere ike ime ka ọdọ mmiri ahụ bụrụ ihe nchekwa pH ma mee ka mmiri sie ike nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ, nke nwere ike ibelata mmebi nke mgbidi ihe.Dị ka ụkpụrụ Le Chatelier si dị na mmetụta isoionic, ịba ụba nke ion calcium n'ime ọdọ mmiri na-ebelata mgbasa nke ogige calcium nke dị mkpa maka ihe owuwu.
Ịtinye calcium chloride na mmiri nke mmiri mmiri aquariums na-abawanye ụba calcium bioavailable na mmiri, na mollusks na coelintestinal anụmanụ zụlitere na aquariums na-eji ya emepụta calcium carbonate shells.Ọ bụ ezie na calcium hydroxide ma ọ bụ calcium reactor nwere ike nweta otu nzube ahụ, ịgbakwụnye calcium chloride bụ usoro kachasị ngwa ngwa ma nwee mmetụta kachasị nta na pH nke mmiri.
Calcium chloride maka ojiji ndị ọzọ
Ọdịdị na-agbaze na exothermic nke calcium chloride na-eme ka a na-eji ya mee ihe na ikpo ọkụ nke onwe ya na paịlị kpo oku.
Calcium chloride nwere ike inye aka mee ka ntọala mbụ dị na kọmpụta dị ngwa ngwa, mana ion chloride nwere ike ime ka corrosion nke ígwè ígwè dị, ya mere enweghị ike iji calcium chloride mee ihe na kọmpụta siri ike.Calcium chloride anhydrous nwere ike inye ụfọdụ mmiri mmiri na kọnkịrị n'ihi njirimara hygroscopic ya.
N'ime ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ala, a na-eji calcium chloride mee ka njupụta nke brine na-enweghị isi, a pụkwara ịgbakwunye ya na mmiri mmiri nke emulsified drilling fluids iji gbochie mgbasawanye nke ụrọ.A na-eji ya dị ka ntụgharị iji wedata ebe mgbaze na usoro nke imepụta sodium metal site na mgbaze electrolytic nke sodium chloride site na usoro Davy.Mgbe a na-eme ceramics, a na-eji calcium chloride mee ihe dị ka otu n'ime ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe, nke ga-ekwe ka a kwụsịtụ ihe ndị dị na ụrọ na ngwọta, nke mere na ihe ndị dị na ụrọ dị mfe iji mee ihe mgbe ị na-atụgharị.
Calcium chloride bụkwa ihe mgbakwunye na plastik na ọkụ ọkụ, dị ka ihe nzacha na-enye aka na ọgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofu, dị ka ihe mgbakwunye na ọkụ ọkụ iji chịkwaa nchịkọta na nrapanye nke akụrụngwa iji zere mmezi nke ụgwọ ahụ, yana dị ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe dị nro. .
Oge nzipu: Mar-19-2024
