Hydrofluoric acid (HF)
Nkọwa ngwaahịa
Enyere nkọwapụta
mmiri mmiri nghọta Ọdịnaya ≥ 35%-55%
(Oghere akwụkwọ ntụaka ngwa 'eji ngwaahịa')
Mmiri fluoride gas na-agbaze n'ime mmiri, a na-akpọkwa ngwọta mmiri ya hydrofluoric acid.Ngwaahịa a na-abụkarị 35% -50% hydrogen fluoride gas aqueous ngwọta, ntinye kachasị elu nwere ike iru 75%, maka mmiri mmiri anwụrụ ọkụ na-enweghị agba.Anwụrụ ọkụ na-esi ísì ụtọ, na-agbanwe agbanwe, na-acha ọcha na ikuku.Ọ bụ acid inorganic siri ike nke na-emebi emebi nke ukwuu ma nwee ike imebi iko na silicates iji mepụta silicon tetrafluoride gaseous.Ọ nwekwara ike na-emekọrịta ihe na ọla, metal oxides na hydroxides iji mepụta nnu dị iche iche, mana mmetụta adịghị ike dị ka hydrochloric acid.Ọlaedo, platinum, lead, paraffin na ụfọdụ plastik enweghị ike iji ya, yabụ enwere ike ịme ihe.Hydrogen fluoride gas na-adị mfe polymerized na-etolite (HF) 2 (HF) 3 · homochain molekul, na na mmiri mmiri steeti, ogo nke polymerization na-abawanye.Chekwaa n'ime akpa ndị e ji lead, wax ma ọ bụ rọba mee.Ọ na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu, ọ pụkwara ịta ọnya ma ọ bụrụ na a na-emetụ ya n'ahụ.
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Usoro ngwaahịa
7664-39-3
231-634-8
20.01
Inorganic acid
1.26g/cm³
soluble na mmiri
120 (35.3%)
-83.1 (dị ọcha)
Iji ngwaahịa
Quartz ájá pickling
Ọ na-arụ ọrụ kacha mma mgbe ejiri hydrofluoric acid gwọọ ya, mana ọ dị mkpa itinye uche dị elu.Mgbe ị na-ekekọrịta ya na sodium disulfite, enwere ike iji obere mkpokọta hydrofluoric acid mee ihe.A na-agwakọta ụfọdụ ihe ngwọta nke hydrochloric acid na hydrofluoric acid n'ime ngwa ngwa quartz n'otu oge dịka nha;A pụkwara ịgwọ ya na ngwọta hydrochloric acid nke mbụ, saa ya wee gwọọ ya na hydrofluoric acid, na-agwọ ya na okpomọkụ dị elu maka awa 2-3, wee kpochaa ya ma kpochaa ya, nke nwere ike wepụ ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha na oxides n'elu ájá quartz ma melite. ịdị ọcha na ịdị mma nke ájá quartz.
Ọgwụgwọ elu igwe
Wepu ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha nwere ikuku oxygen n'elu, hydrofluoric acid bụ acid na-adịghị ike, yiri ike na formic acid.N'ozuzu mkpokọta nke hydrofluoric acid dị maka azụmahịa bụ 30% ruo 50%.Isi njirimara nke iwepụ nchara hydrofluoric acid bụ ndị a:
(1) Nwere ike igbari ogige nwere silicon, aluminum, chromium na ndị ọzọ metal oxides nwekwara ezigbo solubility, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe nkedo, igwe anaghị agba nchara na ndị ọzọ workpieces.
(2) N'ihi na ígwè workpieces, ala ịta hydrofluoric acid ike ga-eji maka iwepụ nchara.Hydrofluoric acid ngwọta na 70% itinye uche nwere passivation mmetụta na ígwè
(3) Hydrofluoric acid nke nwere mkpokọta ihe dị ka 10% nwere mmetụta corrosion na-adịghị ike na magnesium na alloys ya, yabụ a na-ejikarị ya na etching nke magnesium workpieces.
(4) Hydrofluoric acid anaghị emebikarị ndu;Nickel nwere nguzogide siri ike na ngwọta hydrofluoric acid na ntinye uche karịrị 60%.Hydrofluoric acid bụ ihe na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu na nke na-agbanwe agbanwe, a na-ejikwa ya egbochi mmekọrịta mmadụ na mmiri hydrofluoric acid na hydrogen fluoride gas, tank etching na-akacha mma ma nwee ezigbo ikuku ventilashion, na mmiri mkpofu fluorinated a na-agwọ nwere ike ịgbapụta.
Nhazi eserese
Hydrofluoric acid bụ acid siri ike nke nwere ike imeghachi omume na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ adịghị ọcha ọ bụla na graphite, na graphite nwere ezigbo nguzogide acid, karịsịa nwere ike iguzogide hydrofluoric acid, nke na-ekpebi na a pụrụ iji hydrofluoric acid sachaa graphite.Usoro bụ isi nke usoro hydrofluoric acid bụ ịgwakọta graphite na hydrofluoric acid, ma meghachi omume hydrofluoric acid na adịghị ọcha ruo oge ụfọdụ iji mepụta ihe na-edozi ahụ ma ọ bụ ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe, mgbe ịsachara iji wepụ ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha, akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na ihicha iji nweta graphite dị ọcha.
Pụrụ iche maka obere ala Ngwuputa
Usoro nkwadebe nke fluoride ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe bụ iji mee ka fluoride ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe amịpụta site na mmiri mmiri mmiri, wee kpoo ma ọ bụ fluorinat oxide ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe ozugbo site na iji fluorine.Ihe solubility nke fluoride ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe dị ntakịrị, ọ pụkwara ịmalite site na hydrofluoric, sulfuric, ma ọ bụ nitric acid ngwọta nke ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe site na iji hydrofluoric acid (a na-ebuli elu n'ụdị fluoride hydrated).
TPT-LCD ibelata ihuenyo (ọkwa elektrọnik)
N'okpuru nchebe nke photoresist na n'ọnụ gluu, a na-edozi ntinye nke hydrofluoric acid, a na-edozi ihe ụfọdụ nke nitric acid, sulfuric acid na hydrochloric acid na-agbakwunye, na ultrasonic ọnọdụ inyeaka na-agbakwụnye, a na-eme ka ọnụego etching doro anya.Nchacha ọzọ nwere ike ibelata nhụsianya dị n'elu ma belata mmiri ozuzo nke mgbakwunye elu na-acha ọcha.A na-edozi nsogbu nke elu siri ike na mmiri ozuzo na-acha ọcha.
Ihe corrosion fiber
Hydrofluoric acid jupụtara corrosion photonic crystal fiber (PCF).A na-ejupụta acid hydrofluoric n'ime oghere nke eriri kristal photonic agbatị agbatị.Site n'ịgbanwe nhazi nke akụkụ obe ya, a na-emepụta eriri kristal photonic nke nwere usoro a kapịrị ọnụ ma gbanwee ntụgharị anya ya.Nsonaazụ na-egosi na mfu ntapu na mfu mgbasa na-ebelata site na mmụba nke ogo corrosion porosity, ọnụọgụ na-adịghị na ntanetị na-abawanye n'ụzọ doro anya, nrịbama refractive dị irè nke isi ebu na nha nha nhata nke cladding na-ebelata n'ụzọ kwekọrọ, na mgbasa ọsọ nke otu. na-agbanwekwa.
